Higher frequency vibrations are perceived as higher pitch sounds and lower frequency vibrations are perceived as lower pitch sounds. This frequency is transmitted through the middle and inner ear and provides the perception of pitch. If the incoming compressions and rarefactions arrive more frequently, then the eardrum vibrates more frequently. Since the eardrum is set into vibration by the incoming pressure wave, the vibrations occur at the same frequency as the pressure wave. These vibrations are then transmitted to the fluid of the inner ear where they are converted to electrical nerve impulses which are sent to the brain. As these bones begin vibrating, the sound signal is transformed from a pressure wave traveling through air to the mechanical vibrations of the bone structure of the middle ear. The eardrum is attached to the bones of the middle ear - the hammer, anvil, and stirrup. The continuous arrival of high and low pressure regions sets the eardrum into vibrational motion. The arrival of a compression or high pressure region pushes the eardrum inward the arrival of a low pressure regions serves to pull the eardrum outward.
When a pressure wave reaches the ear, a series of high and low pressure regions impinge upon the eardrum. Because a sound wave consists of an alternating pattern of high pressure (compressions) and low pressure (rarefactions) regions traveling through the medium, it is known as a pressure wave. Such a region is known as a rarefaction or low pressure region. As the particles are pulled away from each other, a region is created in which the particles are spread apart. A restoring force typically pulls each particle back towards its original rest position.
Such a region is known as a compression or high pressure region. The displacement of several nearby particles produces a region of space in which several particles are compressed together. This particle in turn pushes upon its nearest neighbor, causing it to be displaced from its rest position. As a sound wave impinges upon a particle of air, that particle is temporarily disturbed from its rest position. If the sound wave travels from west to east, then the particles of the medium vibrate back and forth along the east-west axis. This means that the particles of the medium vibrate in direction which is parallel (and anti-parallel) to the direction which the sound wave travels. Step 15Īs a finishing touch, select the “Bottom” layer and decrease the opacity to around 40% to make it look like a reflection.Multimedia Studios » Waves, Sound and Light » Sound Waves and the EardrumĪ sound wave traveling through a fluid medium (such as a liquid or a gaseous material) has a longitudinal nature. Reposition the layer above the “Top” layer and go to Layer > Create Clipping Mask. Press Ctrl+J on your keyboard to duplicate the Gradient Fill layer. Then set the Style to “Linear”, the Angle to “0º” and click OK. In the Gradient Fill window, pick any gradient you want from the thumbnail dropdown. Be sure to check the “Use Previous Layer to Create Clipping Mask” option and click OK. Select the “Bottom” layer and go to Layer > New Fill Layer > Gradient. Reposition the “Top” layer to make both lines match in the middle as shown.
With the “Top” layer selected, go to Edit > Transform > Flip Vertical. Go to Image > Image Rotation > 90º Clockwise.
Go to Filter > Wind (or press Alt+Ctrl+F on your keyboard) four times to apply the same Wind effect 4 more times. Set the Method to “Wind”, the Direction to be “From the left” and click OK. Step 3ĭraw a line from the top to the bottom and center it in the middle of the canvas. In the top toolbar be sure to have the Mode set to “Shape”, the Fill to “White” and the Weight to “1 px”. In this case I will set my canvas size to 1000 x 1500 (in a Vertical orientation, which later we will rotate). Open Photoshop and make a new file at any size you want, but set the Background color to Black.